Bartering – cash free, but is it tax free?

Bartering may be cash-free, but it’s not tax-free
Bartering might seem like something that happened only in ancient times, but the practice is still common today. And the general definition remains the same: the exchange of goods and services without the exchange of money. Because no cash changes hands in a typical barter transaction, it’s easy to forget about the tax effect. 
A taxing transaction
The IRS generally treats a barter exchange similarly to a transaction involving cash, so you must report as income the fair market value of the products or services you receive. If there are business expenses associated with the transaction, those can be deducted. Any income arising from a bartering arrangement is generally taxable in the year you receive the bartered product or service.
And it’s not just the income tax liability that you’ll need to consider. Barter activities may also trigger self-employment taxes, employment taxes or an excise tax.
Barter in action
Let’s look at an example. Mike, a painting contractor, requires legal representation for a lawsuit. He engages Charles as legal counsel to represent him during the litigation. Charles charges Mike $6,000 for his work on the case.
Being short of cash, Mike agrees to paint Charles’s office in exchange for his $6,000 fee. Both Mike and Charles must report $6,000 of taxable gross income during the year the exchange takes place. Because each party operates a viable business, they’re entitled to deduct any business expenses resulting from the barter transaction.
Using an exchange company
You may wish to arrange a bartering deal through an exchange company. For a fee, one of these companies can allow you to network with other businesses looking to trade goods and services. For tax purposes, a barter/exchange company typically must issue a Form 1099-B, “Proceeds From Broker and Barter Exchange Transactions,” annually to its clients or members.
Although bartering may appear cut and dried, the tax implications can complicate the deal.

It’s a given that tax planning can be complex. So as always . . .

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